It is characterized by its complex structure and critical role in supporting body weight and enabling locomotion. The hip joint is a ball-and-socket synovial joint formed by the articulation of the femoral head and the acetabulum of the pelvis. This configuration allows for a wide range of movements, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotational movements. The stability of the hip is maintained by strong ligaments such as the iliofemoral, pubofemoral, and ischiofemoral ligaments, as well as a robust joint capsule. Surrounding muscles, including the gluteal group, iliopsoas, and adductor group, contribute to the joint’s dynamic stability and mobility. Additionally, the hip is richly supplied by the femoral, obturator, and superior and inferior gluteal nerves, which ensure proper sensory and motor functions. This intricate anatomy is vital for the hip’s role in weight-bearing and movement.
Hip sonoanatomy involves the detailed ultrasound examination of the hip’s intricate structures, utilizing high-resolution imaging to assess bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and neurovascular components. This non-invasive modality provides real-time visualization of the femoral head, acetabulum, and surrounding soft tissues, including the iliopsoas tendon, gluteal tendons, and the hip joint capsule. Ultrasound is particularly valuable for diagnosing conditions such as bursitis, tendonitis, muscle tears, and effusions, as well as for guiding interventions like injections. By enabling dynamic assessment, ultrasound facilitates a comprehensive evaluation of the hip’s functional anatomy and pathology, making it an essential tool in clinical practice.
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